Nishikant Khajuria
JAMMU, Jan 20: Jammu Kashmir has been ranked at the bottom in the NITI Aayog’s Innovation Index, released today, covering all the States and Union Territories across India.
Among the Union Territories, Delhi tops the ranking in all the groups , followed by Chandigarh whereas Lakshadweep and Jammu Kashmir occupy the last two positions in the group respectively.
Karnataka, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Telangana and Kerala have been ranked as the top five States while Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Bihar are at the bottom of the innovation index, released today by the NITI Aayog’s Vice-Chairman Rajiv Kumar and Amitabh Kant.
Karnataka topped the index for the second year in a row while while in the North-Eastern and hill States category, Himachal Pradesh occupied the top spot of the Innovation Index, developed by NITI Aayog on the lines of the Global Innovation Index.
Pertinent to mention that the India Innovation Index portrays the innovative capabilities of the States, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses. It helps States to assess their own capacities in identifying areas that have the potential to boost the development of innovation-led entrepreneurship and attract start-ups and hi-tech companies.
To ensure a fair comparison in the index, States have been categorized under three segments viz NE and Hill states, UT and City States and Major States.
The innovation score of Union Territories and City States averages at 26.01 with Delhi ranked at the top (46.60) and then followed by Chandigarh (38.57), Daman & Diu (26.76), Puducherry (25.23), Goa ((24.92), Dadra & Nagar Haveli (22.74), Andaman & Nicobar Island (18.89), Jammu & Kashmir (18.62) and Lakshadweep (11.71).
Interestingly, many of the high scoring States score higher on Performance than on Enablers, suggesting that their innovation output surpasses their ability. On the other hand, some low scoring States reveal a pattern of scoring better on Enablers than on Performance, suggesting that they are not able to translate their innovation abilities into desired outcome.
On Performance as well as on Enablers, Jammu Kashmir is ranked sixth among nine UTs and City States by scoring 10.41 and 26.83, respectively.
The data reveals that Jammu Kashmir’s score on Human Capital is 31.04, which is lowest among all the UTs and City States while its score on Investment, Knowledge Workers, Business Environment, Safety & Legal Environment, Knowledge Output and Knowledge Diffusion is 12.99, 16.84, 9.99, 63.31, 8.90 and 11.93, respectively.
In overall, the framework of India Innovation Index 2020, consists of 36 indicators. Jammu Kashmir’s indicator data for Human Capital shows score for Enrolment in PhD (21.39), Enrolment in Engineering and Technology (664.91), Colleges connected through NMEICT (14.90), Higher education institutions with NAAC Grade A and above (0.00), Pupil teacher ratio – Higher education (35.00), Schools with ICT labs (24.60), National Achievement Survey (NAS) Scores (Class X) (31.60);
Data score on Investment shows expenditure on higher and technical education (10514535.63); Expenditure on research and development by State Government ( 0.26); Expenditure on science, technology and environment (0.0032); FDI inflow (1.02), Venture capital deals (0.00).
Data on Knowledge Workers shows knowledge-intensive employment (9.96), NGOs involved in knowledge intensive areas (1.11), Private R&D units (0.01), State funded R&D units (0.22).
Score on Business Environment is; Ease of doing business ranking (21.00), Online services transactions (1250.30), Internet subscribers (56.43), Incubator centres (0.02), Common facility centres (0.14), Cluster Strength (15.00).
Break up on Safety and Legal Environment shows score for Information Technology/ Intellectual Property related acts (0.50), Cyber crime police stations (0.02), Pendency of court cases (3.12).
Knowledge Output score is; Grassroot innovations (79.00), Patent applications filed (0.32), Trademark applications filed (9.27), Presence of startups (0.0046), Industrial Design applications filed (0.02), New businesses registered (0.0044), Publications (21.19).
Knowledge Diffusion score is; ICT exports (0.0034), High and medium high-tech manufacturing entities (0.00), Geographical Indications (GI) registered (9.00) and Citations (25.48).
NITI Aayog had introduced the first-ever India Innovation Index in 2019 to instill a culture of innovation amongst the States and transforming India into an innovation-driven economy. The index has not only served as a useful tool for Governments to assess the innovation landscape in their States, but has also helped strengthen competitive federalism and create synergies between different stakeholders in the innovation ecosystem.
The index allows States to continue to evaluate their innovation environment and assess their progress. The division of innovation into two dimensions, namely innovation capabilities (Enablers) and innovation outcomes (Performance) gives the States a better perspective for identifying the critical focus areas. To facilitate policymaking, the index also highlights the challenges present in the way of improving innovation in the country and creates a distinction between issues that can be tackled at the national and State levels.
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