LONDON, Mar 17: Einstein’s theory of gravity may have to be rewritten, after researchers led by an Indian origin scientist found a gigantic ring of galaxies darting away from us much faster than predicted.
The 10 million light year-wide ring made up of small galaxies is expanding rapidly like a mini Big Bang, researchers said.
The team believes our neighbouring galaxy, Andromeda, once flew past our own galaxy at close range, creating a sling-shot of several small galaxies.
“If Einstein’s gravity were correct, our galaxy would never come close enough to Andromeda to scatter anything that fast,” said Dr Hongsheng Zhao from the University of St Andrews in the UK.
If true, the discovery would force a new understanding of gravity and about our cosmos, as such a galactic flyby only makes sense if gravity weakens more slowly as galaxies drift apart than mainstream thinking suggests.
“The ring-like distribution is very peculiar. These small galaxies are like a string of raindrops flung out from a spinning umbrella,” said Indranil Banik, PhD student at University of St Andrews, who led the study.
“I found there is barely a one in 640 chance for randomly distributed galaxies to line up in the observed way. I traced their origin to a dynamical event when the universe was only half its present age,” said Banik.
This tsunami-like wake in the sky was likely stirred up by a near-miss of the speeding Andromeda galaxy with our own galaxy, the Milky Way.
The two massive galaxies always orbited each other in a plane and would have scattered dwarf galaxies in their paths, perhaps explaining why the speeding dwarfs are in a plane also containing the Milky Way and Andromeda.
“In Einstein’s gravity paradigm, hypothetical dark matter is always invoked. Such a high speed requires 60 times the mass we see in the stars of the Milky Way and Andromeda.
“However, the friction between their huge halos of dark matter would result in them merging rather than flying 2.5 million light years apart, as they must have done,” Banik added.
The study was published in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. (AGENCIES)
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