Er. Vinod Kumar
World Telecommunication and Information Society Day
In November 2006, International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Conference in Turkey decided to celebrate 17th May every year as World Telecommunication and Information Society Day. It asked the Member States to celebrate the day annually by organizing appropriate national programmes with a view to:
* Stimulate reflection and exchange of ideas on the theme adopted by the Council
* Debate the various aspects of the theme with all partners in society
* Formulate a report reflecting national discussions on the issues underlying the theme, to be fed back to ITU and the rest of its membership
Artificial Intelligence
Intelligence is defined as the capacity for logic, understanding, self awareness, learning, emotional knowledge, reasoning, planning, creativity and problem solving. Intelligence is most widely found in humans but has also been observed in both non-human animals and in plants.
Artificial intelligence (AI), also called as machine intelligence ( MI) is intelligence demonstrated by machines. Intelligent machine systems can interpret complex data, perceive the environment and take appropriate actions using learning and problem solving techniques. It has evolved using expertise in fields such as computer sciences, mathematics, psychology, neuroscience, among many others. In AI the intelligent agent (any device) perceives it’s environment and takes actions that maximize its chance of successfully achieving its goals. A reflex machine, such as a thermostat is a classical example of an intelligent agent. Artificial intelligence can be used positively as well as negatively. But we should enable the positive use of it for all.
Enabling the positive use of artificial Intelligence for all
Enabling the positive use of Artificial Intelligence for All is the theme of WTISD 2018. This theme will focus on the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to accelerate the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It will allow ITU Membership and other key stakeholders to focus on the opportunities of AI.
In recent years there has been significant progress in AI technology, made possible by tremendous advances in contributing fields, such as large amounts of data, machine learning, computing power, storage capacity and cloud computing, among others. Programs are developed to perform specific tasks for a wide range of activities. These are used to help people lead better lives by improving products and a wide range of services. The main positive uses of Artificial Intelligence (AI) are as under :-
Defense
World Telecommunication and Information Society Day
Defense of a country from foreign invasions and wars is the prime responsibility of any dispensation. Most of the advanced defense technologies in the world are robotic and with the passage of time the defense industry is gradually shifting towards integrating AI into the robots. AI powered robots can travel across hazardous terrains, execute surveillance missions and perform remote surgical strikes. Our country is facing the challenge of terrorism and insurgency. Our defense system must incorporate AI for enhancing security of our nation. In our own state of J&K, the army should deploy unmanned autonomous vehicles for detecting mines near borders, monitor line of control for adversaries like fence tampering and infiltration. AI enabled robots can be utilized by bomb disposal squads in order to minimize the risk to lives of our security persons.
Aviation
Aviation is one of the most heavily regulated industries in the world due to safety reasons. Strict regulations have helped the aviation industry provide the safest way of transport. Some degrees of automation have indeed helped get aviation to where it currently is. But human control and intervention have always been at the heart of it. This is about to change. Air force of countries is also upgraded with the latest technologies enabled by AI. The Air Operations Divisions (AOD) now uses Artificial Intelligence for the combat and training simulators, mission management aids, support systems for tactical decision making, and post processing of the simulator data.
Education
AI is making its way into education. In the times to come AI will revolutionize and improve education. It will it help the students as well as teachers in the long run. There are many advantages of artificial intelligence like tutoring, grading, any personalization in education, feedback on course quality, immediate feedback to students, etc. There have also been rise of intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) in higher education. Machine learning has also enabled automatic grading of assignments as well as a data-driven understanding of individual students’ learning needs.
Finance
Machine learning has fruitful applications in finance sector. Given high volume, historical records and quantitative nature of the finance world, AI has become the need of the hour. Today, machine learning has come to play an integral role in many phases of the financial ecosystem, from approving loans, to managing assets, to assessing risks. The applications of AI in finance include Algorithmic trading, Market analysis and data mining, Personal finance, Portfolio management, Loan/Insurance Underwriting, Fraud Detection, etc.
Manufacturing industry
Today’s factories are the hives of automation where industrial robots imitate the movements of human workers. Today’s robots are not only working faster and more reliably than their human counterparts but also performing tasks beyond human capability. Robots are more accurate in physical movements than humans. Robots have become common in many industries and are often given jobs that are considered dangerous to humans. Robots have proven effective in jobs that are very repetitive which may lead to mistakes or accidents due to a lapse in concentration. In the automotive industry, a sector with particularly high degree of automation, there is highest density of industrial robots.
Healthcare
For improving the efficiency of treatments and minimizing the risks of false diagnosis, it is important to integrate Artificial Intelligence tools in medical applications. These facilities are more targeted to pre-operative planning and reduce the risk of intra-operative complications. Utility of AI in healthcare is being widely experienced through AI-based systems that allow for better diagnosis, cure and treatment of patients. AI is now used in X-rays, Ultrasound, CT Scan, MRI and other tasks in medical line. Other uses of AI include computer-aided interpretation of medical images, detection of a tumor, heart sound analysis, companion robots for the care of the elderly, mining medical records to provide more useful information, predict the likelihood of death from surgical procedures, Predict HIV progression, etc.
Other Applications
Several institutions are employing AI to tackle some of the world’s greatest economic and social challenges. For example, the University of Southern California launched the Center for Artificial Intelligence in society to address socially relevant problems such as homelessness. At Stanford, researchers are using AI to analyze satellite images to identify which areas have the highest poverty levels. AI is successfully applied in many other fields such as Entertainment and Media Industry, Remote Sensing and Space Technology, Agriculture, Fire Fighting, Telephonic Customer Service, Maintenance, Transportation, Toys, etc.
(The author is a Assistant Engineer (Mech.) Stores Procurement Deptt. Jammu)
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