Dr. Reecha Gupta
Dr. Mohit Gupta

Prosthodontics is a dental specialty which deals with replacement of missing teeth, parts of teeth, and oral and maxillofacial tissues using artificial substitutes. The primary aim of prosthodontic treatment is to restore function, comfort, appearance, overall health and Quality of life. The specialty includes fixed prosthetics such as crowns and bridges, removable prosthetics like dentures, overdenture, implant-supported prostheses and maxillofacial prosthesis.
Every year, 22nd January is celebrated as Prosthodontics Day, also known as World Prosthodontist Day. The day was initiated by the Indian Prosthodontic Society (IPS) to promote awareness about the specialty and to acknowledge the significant contributions of prosthodontists in restoring oral function, health, and facial aesthetics.
Replacement of missing teeth may range from removable dentures to fixed bridges and dental implants. But when the loss extends beyond the oral cavity to involve the face, rehabilitation becomes even more critical, requiring specialized care through maxillofacial prosthodontics.

Prosthodontic Day

Rehabilitation does not add years to life,but life to years.-Kenneth H.Cooper
Facial defects may arise due to trauma, tumors, infections, surgical procedures, or congenital conditions. Maxillofacial prosthodontists specialize in rehabilitating such patients by providing both intra-oral and extra-oral prostheses, using a variety of materials. Intra-oral maxillofacial prostheses include obturators, splints, mandibular guide flange prostheses, and pharyngeal prostheses, while extra-oral prostheses include artificial eyes, ears, noses or finger prosthesis. The fabrication of these prostheses requires a unique blend of medical knowledge, precision, and artistic skill.
Beyond Teeth: Artificial Eyes (Ocular Prosthesis)
Loss of an Eye due to trauma, tumors, congenital defects, or infections is emotionally devastating. Although artificial eyes, or ocular prostheses, do not restore vision, they play a vital role in facial rehabilitation and psychological healing. Custom-made ocular prostheses are meticulously crafted to match the color, size, and appearance of the natural eye. Modern techniques ensure excellent esthetics, enabling patients to reintegrate into society without the stigma often associated with facial deformities. For both children and adults, an artificial eye helps restore self-confidence, emotional well-being, and a sense of normalcy.
Beyond Teeth: Artificial Ears
Loss or absence of the external ear, whether due to congenital conditions such as microtia or traumatic injury, can significantly affect a person’s appearance and self-image. Artificial ears, also known as auricular prostheses, are carefully sculpted to resemble the natural ear and are retained using medical adhesives or implant-supported systems. These prostheses help patients regain confidence and social acceptance.
Psychological and Social Impact
The importance of prosthetic rehabilitation extends far beyond physical appearance. Maxillofacial prosthetics rehabilitation plays a vital role in addressing the psychological and social stigma associated with facial & Oral defects. Facial disfigurement often lead to social withdrawal, anxiety, and depression. Prosthetic restoration enables individuals to reclaim their identity, dignity, and self-worth. For cancer survivors, accident victims, and children born with congenital anomalies, prostheses symbolize hope and resilience. They are not merely replacements for lost body parts, but powerful tools of emotional healing.
Accessibility
Despite remarkable advancements in prosthetic rehabilitation, inadequate awareness often delay or prevent timely rehabilitation. Access to care remains uneven, particularly in rural and economically weaker regions. Increasing awareness, early referral, and integration of prosthetic services into public healthcare systems are essential to ensure equitable access. Government institutions, Dental colleges, charitable organizations and expertise of a Prosthodontist can play a vital role in providing affordable prosthetic rehabilitation. With continuous research and innovation, the future promises more realistic, functional, and accessible prosthetic solutions.
Conclusion
From restoring a single tooth to rebuilding an entire face, prosthodontics represents the compassionate blend of science, skill, and art. Maxillofacial prosthetic rehabilitation does more than replace lost structures-it restores identity, confidence, and dignity. On Prosthodontics Day falling on 22nd January, we honor a specialty that gives patients not just a new appearance, but the courage to face life again.
(Dr Reecha Gupta is Head of the Department at Postgraduate Department of Prosthodontics And Crown & Bridge, Indira Gandhi Government Dental College Jammu.
Dr Mohit Gupta is consultant Orthodontist)

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