Water
conservation
Sir,
Our
ancestors might not have dreamt about
water being sold in neatly labeled
bottles. Despite the facts that India is
endowed with adequate water resources
such as perennial rivers and extensive
ground water aquifers, the country is
facing threat due to scarcity of water.
According to a report published by Tata
Energy Research Institute (TERI) by 2050,
a severe water shortage will hit many
parts of the country. A further worrying
aspect revealed in the report was that 95
percent of the water was used for
agriculture and that 60 percent of it is
wasted.
Hence when
we talk about conservation of water, we
have to look into both the quantitative
and qualitative aspects. The reasons both
natural and man made are as follows :-
Vagaries
of Monsoon: Monsoon is unpredictable,
varies in persistence and has regional
variations in so far as precipitation is
concerned. The rainy month is short
followed by a generally dry period.
Ground
water depletion : Free or subsidized
electricity means a larger number of
boring wells with no back up system for
recharging ground water. The result is
depletion of ground water and
deterioration in its quality.
Misuse
of water : In India 95 percent of our
water is used for agriculture and 60
percent of it is wasted. Also most of the
people have developed a feeling that
water is plenty and is easily available.
Water
quality deterioration : Both ground
and surface water are polluted from
industrial effluents, poorly treated
sewage and run off agricultural chemicals
combined with unsatisfactory household
and community sanitary conditions. Traces
of metallic oxides, arsenic etc have been
reported from many monitoring stations.
These are highly toxic.
Water
scarcity is bound to slow down
agricultural production, damage
environment and escalate health related
problems. Hence there is an urgent need
for an effective water conservation
strategy.
Rain water
harvesting has assumed additional
significance in the wake of recent
droughts in India. The techniques adopted
include constructing well, shafts, check
dams, percolation tanks etc. This will
not only restore supplies from the
aquifers depleted due to over
exploitation but also improve physical
and chemical quality of water.
Our Prime
Minister Mr Atal Behari Vajpayee, has
appealed to the nation to ''Observe July
and August as water months''. He has
stressed upon the need to conserve every
drop of water with effective partnership
between citizens, various water users,
peoples organizations, Govt of all
levels. If things need to change for the
better, it is better that we assess the
ground realities and form a sustainable
water management system.
Yours'
etc...
Kirti Jamwal
Jammu.
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