EDITORIAL
Is
it for real ?
The declaration of
ceasefire by one of the most rabid terrorist
organizations, even if for only the occasion of
Eid and limited to the short duration of less
than a hundred hours is a significant move that
may not be dismissed out of hand. That a terror
outfit has seen peace how so limitedly, how so
lamely, is a sign symbolizing more than what it
tells. For here is a signal that those who
thought of nothing but killing and shooting are
also contemplating peace? There is an indication-
a feeble indication, of course- that the killers
may be reined in, may become amenable to reason,
may see things beyond their agendas and
assignments. Terrorism is evil. It is dervish all
through. Yet that has not prevented the most
moderate of elements in the politico-operational
combine of terrorism from justifying terrorism
under one garb or the other, with this excuse or
that. That became amply clear from the recent
series of BBC-interviews. So, it is practically
up to the terrorist outfits themselves to shy
away from the path of bloodshed or for the
security forces to overcome them and throw them
out of the State.
If the thinking in
the outfits veers round to eschewing terror and
despoliation, that is a constructive sign in a
destructive obsession. To that extent the
ceasefire shows that positive thinking is at last
visiting there. But at the same time, there is
little to cry in euphoria or to go abegging there
bent all over your back. Indeed, the move raises
more questions than it answers. There is the big
question of what Lashkar actually is. That it is
a Pak based outfit vowed to violence is well
known. Does it have a clout with the sister
outfits in terror? That would be shown by how
effective the call actually turns out. It would
show how influential the outfit is as well as how
deep its feelings. It is a fact that though there
are differences in the particulars they adhere to
and the persons they owe allegiance to, the
different outfits that are operating in the State
are controlled by like forces and motivations.
They comprise recruits who do not differ in much
in their thinking, approach or intents. For all
their nomenclature and 'leaderships' the
influence of the ISI over them cannot be
discounted. So, has the international opinion
finally borne down on the hostile neighbour? It
would be good if sense has begun to prevail over
there.
For the key to
violence hereabouts lies in the agendas and
intentions that determine the Pak politics and
policies. The reins of the operatives are held
there. If they are talking peace, it either means
a change in there or the fact that the
individuals have gotten sick of the pointless
violence. From the perspective of peace, the
later would be more welcome because other
agendas, other intents, may come to visit the
echelons of power and polity there. The
declaration last month by a combination of a
nearly a score of terrorist outfits in Press Club
can be seen in this perspective. So must, the
earlier breaking away of almost the whole local
component of Hizb-I-Mujahideen, when Majeed Dar
parted company with the Pak-based body. There was
a very positive signal there but it has not
prevented the controllers of terrorism from
wrecking greater destructions. Would the latest
of the moves towards peace be more effective, nor
lasting? Or, would it endure? It may, for
96-hours is a small time. With the security
forces already having announced that they would
be only responding to terrorists' actions, there
is hope that this Eid would be more peaceful.
Would it usher in peace? It just may, if the
sense seeps sufficiently deep. Would it?
Hostile
all!
With Rakesh Roshan
becoming the twelfth man having turned hostile in
the Bharat Shah case the relationship of the film
industry with the underworld seems poised for
being 'unproved'. Almost all the star witnesses
who appeared to have 'confessed' to the dealings
with the underworld or having known about it, are
now hostile to the case the lawmen had built up.
Somehow, there was no surprise as the Mumbai
police brought to the notice of the nation the
unholy nexus between the icons and the scum of
the nation. The only surprising thing was the
extent of their cozy relationship. Few suspected
it to be so deep, so pervasive. The taped
conversation of one of the biggest stars of
Bollywood became the last straw that effectively
drowned the national credulity. And, now it seems
that all that was untrue, that the mafia never
went near the film people, that the plethora of
photos showing the film stars dining and dancing
at the don-parties were all unreal.
One cannot call
all that a retraction under pressure, for if the
well connected, iconic stars cannot withstand
pressures who will? If they do not have it within
themselves to stand up against manifest
malfeasance, who would? What would be the
portraitures on the silver screen be worth, if
the medium is steeped in filthy and foul airs? It
was only weeks before that the film folks
approached Mumbai police for protection against
the mafia. The police commissioner had
significantly remarked that the film people must
stop being chums with the underworld before
asking for State protection. The film
personalities who are forefront activists too,
had finally given up believing in the alibis of
their colleagues. Would all that now be trashed,
all indications be taken as mere figments of
imagination? It really is difficult for the film
folks to make up these deep fractures in their
integrity.
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The
out-bursts of Modern India's Iron man
Men, Matters and Memories
By M L
Kotru
Lal
Krishen Advani ko ghussa kyon aata hai?
Yes, what is it that has upset the Deputy
Prime Minister so much that one would ask
the question, he has no reason to feel
sidelined in the Government. In fact
there have been occasions in the recent
past when the Deputy PM has raised
visions that he may well be the real
thing. What with the laid back style of
Atal Bihari Vajpayee, an image sadly
enhanced by his knee problem. Whatever be
the reason, the fact is that L K Advani
is angrier now than ever before.
His
recently celebrated 75th birthday one had
assumed would have mellowed him, taught
him to be more tolerant, take rough with
the smooth. But Advaniji, as everyone
knows, is nothing if not tough. Tough as
nails. He would, of course, love nothing
more than being called India's Iron Man,
Mark II, after the great Sardar, free
India's first Home Minister. There is a
slight problem about that, though. His
protege Narendra Modi has successfully
spread the myth/ and made it stick in the
eyes of some that he (Modi) is the
inheritor of the title Sardar bestowed on
Vallabhai Patel by the Mahatma in the
long forgotten days of the freedom
struggle.
Post/Godhra,
Narendrabhai has been reminding one and
all that he is the chhota Sardar as he
runs across the length and breadth of
Gujarat reminding the five crore
Gujaratis of their ''lost pride''. That's
good enough reason for Advani to be
angry. His protege upstaging him! And
some silly media men are already talking
in terms of the other protege, Arun
Jaitley, joining hands with Narendrabhai,
wanting to be see as part of the
parivar-approved future leadership of the
Bharatiya Janata Party. There are several
other younger aspirants around and all of
them put together would, honestly
speaking, cause worry to an ageing
leadership anywhere and in any party.
Remember, there is only that much room at
the top and it doesn't do your temper any
good if you find many pretenders hanging
around. Good enough reason, once again,
for Advaniji to be angry.
But not
befitting the stature of an Advani. It
doesn't do his well cultivated strongman
image any good to sound like a bully when
actually he wants to be taken seriously
as the action man. May be it was his urge
to do out Modi that led the Deputy Prime
Minister (in an address at Bbuj) to
invite Pakistan to have it out with India
in a ''fourth war''. Pakistan, said he,
had not forgotten the Bangladesh War of
1971 and was therefore inflicting a
crippling proxy war on India. If Pakistan
wished it could well have a fourth war.
Very reminiscent indeed of another BJP
leader, M L Kurrana's challenge to
Pakistan to name the time and place for a
kind of nuclear shoot-out. Khurrana, a
Minister then in the Vajpayee Cabinet,
had to leave the Government shortly
thereafter. In Advani's case his senior
colleague, the Prime Minister however
chose to offer no comment at a Press
conference in Himachal Pradesh last week.
Vajpayee was content to flash one of
those enigmatic smiles.
Again, to
outscore Narendra Modi, Advani came down
heavily on the Congress President Sonia
Gandhi's address to the Islamic Studies
Circle of Oxford University. Modi, of
course, painted the meeting in lurid
colours, as if Osama bin Laden and his
ilk comprised the audience, accusing
Sonia of saying things ill-becoming of an
Indian speaking on foreign land. Advani
too joined issue with her. What was
Sonia's crime. She, unlike Advani in
Gujarat, had debunked at Oxford the
doctrine of ''clash of civilisations''.
''The Indian experience,'' she said,
''strongly disapproved of this approach.
''The concept of a deep fault line across
world religions and it resulting
inevitably in conflict lends itself to
mischievous distortions and
misinterpretations, both internationally
and within our own society. Complex
political and social and economic
realities cannot be reduced to a
simplistic confrontation between
religions''. I don't know what is so
objectionable with this formulation or
why Advani and his former protege,
Narendra Modi, should find it
exceptionable.
Advani's
anger, once again, expresses itself in a
peculiar manner when it takes the newly
installed Government in Jammu and
Kashmir, headed by Mufti Mohammad Sayeed,
to task for releasing 26 separatists,
including some former militants. Advani
probably has a point but Mufti contested
last month's elections on the plank of
providing the healing touch to the
people. It's not as if he unilaterally
declared a general amnesty and opened all
prison doors to allow arrested terrorists
to walk free. It continues to be part of
a well considered plan to lessen the
tensions within the State.
As Mufti
himself explained to the Home Minister
earlier this week, his Government is
pursuing a ''multi-pronged'' strategy for
a dialogue. Providing a clean and
responsive administration to redress
people's problems is a key component of
this strategy, he told Advani. But then
the Deputy Prime Minister insisted on his
pound of flesh. All future release must
take place after due consultations. He
went a step further and offered to attend
the next meeting of the unified command
in Jammu and Kashmir comprising the Chief
Minister, the Army Commanders and the
heads of the Security Forces and the
police.
Now, this
latter suggestion should be welcomed if
only for the reason that it enhances
mutual trust. It cannot be a permanent
arrangement because the meetings of the
unified command are held at regular
intervals in the light of the situation
on the ground at a given time and
therefore cannot be made subject to the
availability of the Home Minister.
The truth
though is that Advani resents the
presence in the Kashmir coalition of the
Congress Party. If you had any doubt
about that just refer to Narendra Modi's
speech at an election rally on Monday
when he accused the ''Congress of having
released the very terrorists in Kashmir
who had committed the horrifying crimes
in Godhra and Akshardham.''
One would
have expected the country's Deputy Prime
Minister to pull up his Gujarat party
leader for making such an irresponsible
statement but that would have been
possible only if he had been restrained
in his own comments. It appears to me
that the BJP, as a party, has yet to come
to terms with its total rout in the
recent elections in Jammu and Kashmir and
still trying to stoke the fires as well
as it can. In the larger interests of the
country the BJP would do well not to act
a spoilsport in Jammu and Kashmir.
It cannot
be the BJP's case that the attack on the
Raghunath temple in Jammu was made by
moderate separatists released by the
Mufti Government. As a party rejected by
the people of Jammu the BJP would
naturally like to get even with the newly
installed coalition by taking to the old,
worn-out ploy of ''we had warned you
against what to expect from this
Government''. I would have been surprised
if the National Conference had not
attacked the Mufti Government in the
aftermath of the Raghunath temple
incident but the criticism by the BJP
leadership, including Advani, is simply
shocking. Political prisoners, including
separatists, have not been released in
the State for the first time; it has been
done in the past and we may see more such
releases in the future as well once the
promised dialogue with the elected
representatives of the people, promised
by the Prime Minister, gets started.
Mufti Sayeed is in fact very keen that
the dialogue gets underway soon. He is
convinced that such a move would result
in isolating foreign mercenaries and help
the indigenous component to return to the
mainstream.
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Old
friends meet well'.....
Your
Randomly,
Dr R L Bhat
There is
an endurance in the India Russia
relations that defies the changes in
polity as well as those in the
international environment. Even as Russia
grappled with its enormous problems
arising from a shift of polity there, the
assumption of an Indo- Russian friendship
was never entirely out of focus. It
became a low key affair as the domestic
compulsions pulled the nations inwards,
yet the undercurrent was always visible.
With Vladimir Putin taking over, the
reiteration was emphatic. During his two
visits to India, the Russian President
has underscored the deep understanding
the two countries share. Those visits may
not have evoked high ‘euphoria’
as say the Clinton visit did the year
before, but the echo was never amiss.
Indeed, the presumptive element in the
visits of the Russian President
underscores the fact of easy
understanding that has marked the conduct
of the bilateral relations. The two
countries easily fall in line one after
the other, have unspoken sympathy for
each others’ perspectives and
breathe an amity that needs no glamour to
make it shine.
That
understanding naturally overflows their
national concerns and spills over their
world views which are in effortless
conformity. Delhi Declaration is a
resounding example of the cooperative
attitudes of the two nations. There are
no concessions, no victories, no
strenuous accommodations: they do it so
naturally that everything falls in place
as if of itself. Thus from Moscow to New
Delhi President Putin led a trail of
clear indictment of terrorism, in all its
forms, at all places. What he said at
Moscow, was neither ‘modified’
nor ‘balanced’ by the Chinese
sojourn nor was it overly stressed in
Delhi. The Declaration rejects terrorism
without compunctions. And there it is
widely different from the politic
‘rejections’ that other
countries, say America or Britain, utter
upon the Indian soil with the other foot
stretched out to please Pak
‘friendship’. Terrorism is
terrorism, all terrorism is terrorism and
all those who aid, abet or overlook
terrorism are standing by terrorism.
There just can’t be any compromise
there. Yet we have instances where stands
on terrorism have been compromised for
temporary gains or long-term strategies.
And, that is what sustains terrorism.
This
clarity of the perspectives is what has
characterized Indo-Russian friendship for
decades. It does address their particular
national needs, but that does not detract
from its being a principled stand. In
sharp contrast other countries have tried
to fit narrow, if not ulterior intents,
into their perspectives on terrorism. And
that has not narrow helped the fight
against terror. Likewise their stands on
Iraq are as principled as they are
consistent. Few countries in the world
share the American obsession with Iraq;
fewer still see Weapons of Mass
Destruction as the main concern there.
The Declaration emphasizes that nothing
should be done there against the UN
resolutions and never without the consent
of the world body. That is as rational as
one could get, given the circumstances
the world is situated in. Similarly, on
the nuclear weapons, the stand of the
Russian President shows that he is not
seeking 'reasons’ to equate the
powers here but is echoing a difference
that is essential to understanding it
all. There is a section of opinions that
says that Pakistan was prompted to go
nuclear to balance the Indian
advancements in the nuclear field.
Thus it
was able to acquire nuclear capability
with a sketchy infrastructure and
scientific base, rather inspite of it. If
one gets out of the strategies and
calculations there is a huge difference
between the two countries that have made
a foray into the nuclear club. The
clandestine barter of nuclear know-how
which Pakistan indulged in is just one
instance of that difference. The
precipitate threat of the weapons failing
into the hands of terrorists, is another.
Yet all that is sought to be brushed
aside as powers twist the truth to suit
their particular thinking, interests and
calculations. Though none of them would
like those stands to be called
prevarications , that is what they are.
They do not take the realities into
consideration. Nor, the principles
involved. Instead, all the tenets there
are subservient to their respective
‘needs’. The thinking ,
accordingly, falls when tested against
the rational logic. The Americans for
example cannot explain how their weapon
piles are ‘good’ while those of
India are a ‘threat’; why the
nonproliferation should not apply to them
but should be stringent when it comes to
India.
There are
two important points that are often
missed, rather sought to be messed, when
the international thinking on weapons is
invoked. First, that if the weapons are
evil - as they undoubtedly are - they are
evil all through. Thus the US weapons are
a threat to the global wellbeing and so
are the British, French and Chinese
weapons. Denuclearization should apply to
the America as much as it would apply to
India or any other nation. Until that
time, every condemnation of, say the
Indian nuclear weapons is unequal and
unprincipled. Secondly, because of the
Indian advance in science and technology,
India could ‘just not be held back
from acquiring nuclear capability. Nor,
denied the fruits of technology which she
has been developing on her own. India has
a respectable, in certain ways
remarkable, technical expertise. It has
signal advances in space technology to
her credit. She is a world power in
Information Technology. She is a net
supplier of scientific-both technical and
academic-manpower to the world, including
the super power. How could that country
possibly be restrained from an all round
development in science, including the
weapons technology? And, it is stable
polity, a robust democracy of flawless
credentials.
It is
appreciation of those principles that
underlies President Putin’s
appreciation of the Indian expertise in
nuclear science. There is a possibility
of the whole world going nuclear if this
line of thinking is taken. But can that
possibility be wished out? So long as
weapons subsist, they would proliferate.
The world has to denuclearize-the whole
world not patches of it, not selective
countries. If one power has supplied
Pakistan with nuclear wherewithal the
super power itself has nuclearised
another. It is dishonest to invoke
proliferation where you wish and to
ignore where you will it. And it
certainly is not correct to equate
indigenous developments with clandestine
acquisitions. It is a sad world that
needs bilateral friendship to reiterate
principles. But we have the world which
we have. So it takes a friendly Russia to
see truth and makes a calculating America
slant it. That is also the reason why
Indo-Russian friendship has lasted. It is
cooperative. It is understanding. And it
goes beyond calculations.
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MEN
AND MATTERS
Mufti is
wiser than ‘Swamiji’
By B L
Kak
‘Swamiji’?
Our beloved Deputy Prime Minister, Mr LK
Advani, affectionately calls him
‘Swamiji’. ‘Swamiji’
is none other than the Delhi-based
Ministerial colleague of Mr Advani. Yes,
Mr ID Swami, who also likes and loves to
be counted one among ‘Kashmir
specialists’, all operating from the
Union capital.
It has
been established, umpteen times beyond
doubt in recent years, that any
discussion on the troubled State of Jammu
and Kashmir, both at Governmental and
non-official level,remained incomplete
without references to the displaced
community of Kashmiri Pandits (KPs).
Existence of several outfits, already
floated within J&K and outside
including Delhi by Kashmiri Pandits,
notwithstanding,official agencies as well
as political class have acknowledged what
is, in political and diplomatic parlance,
known as "strategic importance"
of the KPs in the context of attempts to
do away with the Valley’s secular
character and traditions.
The
displaced KPs are, from time to time,
reminded of the Government’s
fabulous financial package for their
resettlement in the Kashmir Valley. The
idiom "too many cooks spoil the
broth" applies not only to a host of
existing `Kashmir specialists’ in
Delhi but also to leaders of different KP
outfits.
Many an
instance can be cited in this connection.
At a time when tempers had run high in
Kashmir as a result of differing views on
the question of enganging all sections of
society, including secessionists, in the
recently-concluded poll to the State
Legislative Assembly, New Delhi blundered
by raking up the emitive issue of
Kashmiri Hindu migrants’ return to
the Valley.
If Mr LK
Advani had favoured step-by-step formula
with regard to the Kashmir crisis without
leaving room for any controversy, his
‘Swamiji’ sought to publicly
discuss an issue which had all the
potential of triggering additional
tensions and misgivings.
Mr ID
Swami acted in a manner as to suggest
that either he lacked a thorough
knowledge about the ebb and flow of the
mercurial worldof Kashmir politics or he,
for reasons best known to him,had chosen
to portray a rosy picture of the
prevailing security scenario in the
Valley. Even as the Kashmir situation
hadn’t been found peaceful by the
time elections for the second phase in
J&K were officially notified, Mr
Swami, while briefing journalists about
the package for Pandits, said that there
was a "sea change" in the
security environment in the State.
Instead of accepting the fact that there
hadn’t been encouraging improvement
in the situation, ‘Swamiji’
sought to highlight the ‘plan’
by emphasizing: Government would do its
best to persuade the Pandits, living in
camps outside J&K, that it was safe
to return to the Valley in the coming
days and weeks.
Was there
any urgent need for New Delhi to remind
the displaced KPs of the financial
package? Why did Mr LK Advani allow his
Ministry to be ridiculed by discussing
the package, even as it was first
announced about two years ago? Since
October 2000, when the package was
announced, there have been no takers for
it.
From time
to time, particularly during the sessions
of Parliament, since October 2000, we
have received official statistics
vis-a-vis Government’s financial
package for the rehabilitation of
Kashmiri Hindu migrants in the troubled
Valley.Clearly, these statistics
aren’t different from the details
doled out by ‘Swamiji’
recently.
In the
third week of April this year, and later
towards end of last month, Mr Vidyasagar
Rao, Minister of State for Home, informed
Parliament that "none among the
Kashmiri Pandit migrants agreed to return
to the Valley so far". Unwillingness
of the migrants, contacted at different
levels, has been, according to Mr Rao,
noticed in spite of the package announced
by the Government to woo them to return
to the Valley.
Rajya
Sabha was, in fact, informed that about
50 Kashmiri Hindu families registered
with the J&K Government’s
relieforganisation (Jammu) were contacted
to obtain their consent for return to the
Valley on the basis of the package
announced by the Government. And Mr
Vidyasagar Rao did not fight shy as he
admitted that even after the interaction
with some of these families, none agreed
to return to the Valley.
Official
statistics confirm that majority of KP
migrants live in Jammu region and
Delhi—Jammu region accounts for
34305 families, while the number of
migrant families in Delhi is of the order
of 19338. Before the ouster, in October,
of his National Conference Government, Dr
Farooq Abdullah did place himself on
record as saying: "We have done
everything, everything possible. Even
now, my adviser for minorities is
discussing jobs for these migrant boys
and girls with the Home Ministry. They
need 7,000 to 8,000 jobs. But once there
is peace, we will survive".
Political
affairs committee of Panun Kashmir,
premier organisation of the displaced
Pandit community, on the other hand, was
bitter in its criticism against the
Farooq Government, charging it with
trying to divide KPs by setting up
different committees. It will not be
unfair to make a reference to the
unanswered question: Isn’t Panun
Kashmir itself a house divided?
Recently,
Mr Vidyasagar Rao made it clear in Rajya
Sabha that the implementation of the
Government’s action plan in respect
of Kashmiri migrants will depend on the
creation of conditions "reasonably
conducive to the return of the
migrants" to the Valley. Have
conditions improved?
Credit
should be given to the new Chief
Minister, Mufti Mohammed Sayeed, for
having displayed better discretion than
that of ‘Swamiji’ while taking
up the emotive issue of KPs’
rehabilitation in the Valley. The Mufti
Government had this message:
"Without presence of Kashmiri Pandit
community in the Valley, its political
and cultural landscape ias incomplete and
substantially barren. Secure and
dignified return of Kashmiri Pandits to
their homes and hearths in Kashmir is an
essential ingredient of Kashmiriat".
More
importantly, the Mufti refused to be a
man in a hurry on the question of the
KPs’ return to the Valley. He
emphasized that the process, in this
regard, can’t be and shouldn’t
be expected to be completed in a day or
two. In plain language, he has, unlike
‘Swamiji’, understood the
problem and the would-be solution.
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Involve
children's in Nation building activity
By R.D. Gupta
The children who
constitute the most important parts of our
population are still deeply affected due to
environmental degradation. Millions of them are
afflicted with a number of diseases caused due to
air and water pollution both in rural and urban
areas of the country. Results of nutrition survey
have envinced a high incidence of nutritional
deficiency diseases especially in the vulnerable
segments of population infants and young
children, pregnant women and nursing mothers. The
socio-economic survey and the health records of
the school children have revealed that majority
of them suffer from malnutritional diseases like
Kwashiorkor and Marasmus and Vitamin A deficiency
such as Night Blindness. Simultaneously children
can play a pivotal role in influencing the
attitudes of their families and other sections of
the society. It is, however, unfortunate that our
education is not embolding the children to adopt
action oriented programmes which are socially
beneficial particularly in protection of their
environment. There is no doubt that recently, a
few sporadic have been taken up to involve school
children in such programmes but the action taken
up by Andhra Pradesh Govenment is leading one in
conducting children's "Environmental Science
and Action Congress". In these congresses,
the school children were asked to exhibit
projects which can tackle pollution problems in
ameliorating their immediate environment. Andhra
Pradesh Govt. has also involved school children
in its "Clean and Green" programme.
Delhi Municipal Corporation has partially
succeeded during 2001 in checking noise pollution
in Diwali festival by involving school children.
As a matter of fact, they are in the forefront in
asking their elders to reduce vehicular pollution
in National Capital.
The Govenment of
India has now initiated a National "Green
Corps Programme" with the aim to create
awareness regarding degradation of environment
and its protection to all constituents of
society. Any such programme of Government
however, cannot be succeeded without definite
commitment and dedication of the teachers and
firm cooperation of the parents. In fact, the
parents and the teachers act as catalyst to
activate the children/students for involving in
such programme. A number of non-Governmental
organisations have also come forward to form
ecoclubs in schools to inculcate environmental
awareness among children.
Now, it is high
time for the leaders in all walks of life to
realise the potential of the children exploit the
same in safeguarding and preserving the natural
resources as they are the future generation of
the Nation and its destiny. But at the same time
the Government must give top priority in
combating malnutrition in our children by way of
providing enough food to satsify their energy
needs and protein requirement. This can be done
by initiating a number of child care and child
welfare programmes like Integrated Child
Development Services (ICDS).
As the Animal
proteins are nutritionally the best, but are
available in small quantities in poor countries,
so vegetable protein particularly pulse proteins
have an important place in meeting the protein
requirements. Pulses (such as Bengal gram, black
gram, green gram, red gram, cowpea, lentil) are
the poor man's meat and must be included in the
diets of children. Infact pulses play an
important role in bridging the protein gap.
Deficiency of
vitamin A can be overcome by supplying vitamin A
in ready made state from food stuffs such as
butter, eggs and liver, which all are expensive.
Alternatively many green leafy vegetables, carrot
and some yellow or orange coloured fruits having
carotene which can be converted to vitamin A in
the body must be incorporated in the diet of
children.
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