EDITORIAL

CRUSH INSURGENCY

While addressing the three day conference of top security and intelligence functionaries from all over India., Home Minister L K Advani has asked them to crush Pak sponsored insurgency with single-minded pursuit. The conference shall deliberate various suggestions and make appropriate recommendations to the Government for evolving suitable strategy. Although this happens to be the 33rd Conference since independence, the current scenario on the security front makes it all the more significant. Gone are the days ....more

CENTRAL PROJECTS

Clearance of establishing 9 million top oil refinery in Bhatinda at a cost of Rs. 9806 crore augurs well for Punjab that remained exposed to more than a decade long terrorism. Many a time refinery was mooted but successive Governments failed to give the nod for locating it in Punjab. Besides bringing ......more

Woman's Agony - Between values and cultures

By: Rajni Gupta

Woman a very small word but in its smallness lies greatness. I am too little to explain, .. ...
more

Jammu Agriculture University: When
and where


By: R. S. Sharma

Much awaited Agriculture University for Jammu is yet to come up. The promise of having the University in the region was ...
..more

Lacking understanding
on J&K


By : Daya Sagar

J&K affairs in general and happenings in Kashmir Valley have given rise to .,...
more

Green rating to curb
polluting industries


By : Radhakrishna Rao
A study by the World Bank points out that the health cost of environ,.......
.more

EDITORIAL

CRUSH INSURGENCY

While addressing the three day conference of top security and intelligence functionaries from all over India., Home Minister L K Advani has asked them to crush Pak sponsored insurgency with single-minded pursuit. The conference shall deliberate various suggestions and make appropriate recommendations to the Government for evolving suitable strategy. Although this happens to be the 33rd Conference since independence, the current scenario on the security front makes it all the more significant. Gone are the days when law and order was favourable, internal security did not pose much problems while external threats were negligible. The current situation is very serious when both internal and external security faces constant threat particularly from ISI of Pakistan. Even as Government opt for certain measures to contain fast spreading terrorism in the country, ISI adopts changed strategy to persist with its nefarious designs.

It may be mentioned that terrorism basically has its roots in under-development, ethnic tensions and fundamentalist ideologies. Insurgency in the north-eastern States is largely attributed to first two factors i.e. under development and ethnic tension. Incidentally, terrorism in these States happens to be as old as the States themselves. While each of the seven north-eastern States face one or the other type of terrorism, basic reasons remain identical. Secessionist tendencies manifest their ugliness precisely because these States had remained ignored and they never got proper share of development in the country. The situation became more complex with the ingress of large Bangladeshi migrants which has led to ethnic tensions besides changing the demographic character of the region with their large presence. Subtle hand of ISI is subsequent development because ISI was born such later than insurgency in these States commenced. ISI has only fished in troubled waters of Brahmputra and continue to exploit the situation to the detriment of security in the country. Various packages announced from time to time have remained on paper only. It is only now that problem is being addressed in correct perspective.

Insurgency in J&K stems from fundamentalism rather than economic or ethnic factors. It may be menioned that J&K is not that backward when compared to many other States. Central funds worth thousands of crores have indeed come to the State right from the time of tribal invasion of 1947. Unlike north-eastern States Pakistan lays claim for annexation of Kashmir because of its Muslim majority character. Further, Pakistan launched attack not only in 1947 but also in 1965 and 1971 to annex Kashmir by force. Only when it failed to achieve its goal through regular war, it conceived proxy war as the means to annex Kashmir. The terrorism is totally foreign sponsored as manifested by induction of large number of mercenaries to sustain insurgency. ISI has since spread its tentacles beyond J&K region to take within its ambit almost all sensitive and vulnerable areas in the country. To that extent almost every State in India has to be involved in curbing the menace of terrorism effectively.

When all those who matter i.e. intelligence agencies, paramilitary forces and State police meet under one-roof and are exhorted to crush terrorism with heavy hand, it reflects positive and meaningful approach. This means for success of the operations there has got to be full coordination, action plan and constant review of the strategy. Intelligence provides the necessary inputs for targeted response, para-military forces are active as never before while State police has also assumed the added role of counter insurgency operations. Just as Punjab police remains in the pivotal role in that State while taking on the terrorists sustained by ISI of Pakistan, in J&K SOG has done good job while in north eastern States police continues to play good role. There is thus the imperative necessity of total coordination of intelligence agencies with State administration as also para-military forces. Army shall of course remain in the vanguard but its primary duty is for guarding large borders. This calls for demarcation of respective roles for better results. Ultimately it is the national security (internal as also external) which is at stake. There has got to be full accountability in terms of results in their respective designated areas and fields. There ought to be no scope for intra-agency rivalry like it happened in the recent Romesh Sharma case when agencies worked at cross purposes, each taking credit and going to the press for hogging media limelight. It is not important who does the job but the end results which would eliminate not only one dreaded person but the full chain of criminals bureaucratic and political elements. Advani has rightly stated that Romesh Sharma's case be thoroughly probed and all his links exposed as none is above law. With political signal to go full throttle to crush terrorism in the country, one hopefully expects better results before long.

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CENTRAL PROJECTS

Clearance of establishing 9 million top oil refinery in Bhatinda at a cost of Rs. 9806 crore augurs well for Punjab that remained exposed to more than a decade long terrorism. Many a time refinery was mooted but successive Governments failed to give the nod for locating it in Punjab. Besides bringing petroleum products very near to the northern States, the benefits in terms of employment, prosperity and credibility of the Government are tremendous. Earlier, Gujral Government waived loans amounting to Rs. 8000 crore and present Government honestly implemented the same. This has helped Punjab to come out of the trauma of terrorism more successfuly. Bhatinda refinery is another proof that Centre is sincere to see Punjab not only as the granary of India but also one of the most progressive and prosperous States.

One is really sorry to see that no such yardstick is applied to troubled State of J&K. The waivers yet remain elusive despite frequent requests from the State and commitments made by successive Prime Ministers. The record of locating Central sector projects in the State is equally dismal. During the last five decades State could get only two such projects of Indian Telephone Industries and Hindustan Machine Tools which too remain closed for the last decade due to insurgency. During the rule of Narasimha Rao Government, at least three Central Ministers came to Jammu and held the promise of locating some big Central sector projects in this region. The alibi of J&K being a border State does not hold ground because Punjab too happens to be the border State. Jammu is on railhead and there is enough of scope to locate many projects. It hardly matters whether project is located this or that side of Banihal as long as State gets its legitimate share. If viability factor favours Jammu there ought not to be any politicking. After all it means prosperity and employment for the people of the State. The State Government must follow up the lead and prevail upon Centre for location of some good projects in the Central Sector. Former Prime Minister Deve Gowda had promised rail coach factory. This needs to be pursued to its logical culmination.

Woman's Agony - Between values and cultures
By: Rajni Gupta

Woman a very small word but in its smallness lies greatness. I am too little to explain it. A woman is a source of light, delight health and happiness. She is seen in different forms somewhere as mother, as sister, as daughter and as a wife but how can we forget our post when she was considered as a source of wealth mean to say a lifeless thing but with the passage of time the position of women changed as the men have learnt to pay proper respect to woman. Women is superior in many ways to man. Man is part beast no doubt, but a woman has the potential of developing into a God. She is one who can see truth and live a truthful and loveful life. She has a purpose in life and she must become increasingly conscious of it that purpose arises out of her superior consciousness which is capable of purification elevation and sublimations. But it has to happen on all levels physically, mentally, morally and spiritually. A woman's nature is gentle, more religious and peace loving than man's. Her active participation in politics is sure to increase the chances of peace in the world. It is only the woman who always quells the soar of discord, teaches the fierce powers which hates each other, like friends to embrace with bonds of love and draws together what are for every flying as under:-

No doubt with the change of time the woman has come outside the barriers, of her house. She is no more a woman working inside the house sitting in a corner. No doubt she is found in every sphere of life. She can be seen in schools offices, banks sales girls, doctors, engineers, entrepreneurs and finally in the parliament. Our country got freedom more than five decades ago but the position of women is not so strong as it should be. She looks brave and bold but it is still considered weaker than man. It is sorry to say that the woman working equally with man, creator of man still fears from the man. Time changed, circumstances changed, but the agony of the woman remained the same. The society has bestowed nothing to woman except slavery, the society wants to treat the woman as kitchen drugs. They believe that education will spoil them and make them disrespectful towards men. Our society want to see the women standstill.

A woman has become just a sandwich between values and cultures. If she talks a little much, she is defined as a very forward woman but if she keeps mum, she is treated as boar but the question arises when man and woman are two wheels of the universe. An outstanding success in life depends upon the union of both wheels. One cannot exist without other. If one wheel is strong and other is weak, rusted, the cart can not move smooth. In fact, the man and woman are complimentary to each other. She has the greatest responsibility in making not only home but the whole nation a paradise on earth. No one has got the virtues and sense of dedication enough to supersede. The people often say that the loss of father can be compensated to some extent but the loss of mother is irreparable out and out, if it is all true then why the society wants to knit the woman's rights into a threat. She became a mother, because the man needs child to run the clan. If she is unable to give birth to child, the man goes to arrange second marriage. It is regretful to say, that act of society is nothing but simply a blot on the name of society. She sacrificed herself to man for the sake of love but the man tightened her in the chains of slavery. In the past she used to see only the home but in the changing scenario, she has to see both the office and home equally. She has been badly roasted between values and cultures.

No doubt the agony of woman is the same as it was in the past. A National Commission Act for woman was passed in 1990 in which they stressed on the upliftment of women's conditions but what will these acts do when people's minds too acting.

Both the values and cultures have just become a burden for woman. These values have made the life of our women a great burden. There was a time when she was worshipped but with the changing of time her worship has been lessened. Nevertheless she has come outside the house But I ask a question when can she live freely, walk freely and talk freely, no, never. She is a status. Just read the newspaper there is news which compels some one to shed tears. A ten years old girl has been raped by some boys. An unidentifying woman has been gang raped and so many other mysterious deaths. Who is responsible for such type of incidents, if it is all due to the evils in the society. Are we secured in such a type of society?, no never. The woman's security in India is at stake.

Nevertheless many social reformers like Raja Ram, Mohan Rai, Isher Chand Vidya Sagar, Vivekananda and Sir Syed Ahmed Khan devoted their lives for the sake of upliftment of and improving the status of woman in the society and social reformers have before then a herculean task to perform. They shall have to strain every nerve if they want to see the position of woman in a better and happier state than it is today. The agonies of woman between values and culture have to be eradicated for the healthy growth of a society, but there are some hidden agonies of woman which has no end.

Unfortunately, Indian as a Nation never leoped upon the agonies of woman. After over 50 years of independence we have honoured only Madhuri Dixit, Sri Devi, Krishma Kapoor, etc. but never tried to have a glance over the Sati Savitri, Ahlya Bhai, Sita, Daropati, Jhansi Ki Rani etc.


Jammu Agriculture University: When and where
By: R. S. Sharma

Much awaited Agriculture University for Jammu is yet to come up. The promise of having the University in the region was made by then Prime Minister Deve Gowda in the summers of 1996. But the signs of university are not there as the State Government does not have the resources to build the institution on its own nor the Centre is giving much needed over Rs. 200 crore for the project. The question that stares now is that who is going to bear the cost of the institution that has become a dream for the people of Jammu.

Here, it may be mentioned that the University is needed in the region. But equally important is where it should be located. There are a number of questions associated with the university, its location and other related matters. When objectively analysed, it would be important to see that which areas need the university most and for what reasons.

There are crowded areas in the region where the location of such a prestigious institution and that too of the size suiting the magnitude of Agriculture University would add to the congestion. Such a situation would be unhelpful for the smooth running of the university and its growth in the subsequent years. Therefore, it has to be seen that the university is situated at such a place where not only its present needs are met but where it can grow without any problems.

To my mind the areas of Sunderbani and Nowshera in Rajouri District, located at one hour and 45 minutes drive from Jammu, the winter capital of the state are most suitable for the purpose. There are various reasons which make the two places qualify for having an Agriculture University. The geography - plans and hills suitable for the growth of Agriculture and Horticulture are there. That is what a University needs the most.

Secondly, the climate of the area is having more variety than anywhere else in the State. These are not the snowfall areas nor there are harsh summer. These places offer the climate that is conducive for the growth of the University and the work on the agriculture sciences, which is a must for such institutions.

That apart, the land prices in the area are cheap and it would lessen the financial burden - whether the Centre or the State Government are going to bear it, substantially. That in itself is important. More land can be acquired at cheap rates than is possible in anyother part of the State. More land would mean more growth and that would not only benefit the specific areas but the entire State. This proposition should be viewed in this context for positive and better results that the people expect from such an institution as and when it comes up.

The arrival of Agriculture University would also signal more growth for the border areas which have been suffering eternal neglect. The University can put them on the road of progress and prosperity and I feel that there is hardly anyone who would envy this. Sacrifices made by the people of the border areas in the past decades should bring them some reward. Though the University cannot bring them all what they want, but atleast it can reassure them that others care for them. That feeling of being cared and that too in some visible fashion is more important that anything else, especially for the people in border areas, whose voice is yet to be heard in the corridors of power.

Once the University is set up, it would bring jobs and work for the people. That is itself can tackle the harrowing problem of unemployment to a great extent in these areas where employment opportunities are limited. The University would encourage irrigation facilities and that too would bring messages of prosperity and jobs for the people.

It would afford an opportunity to the educated boys and girls hailing from down trodden, backward/border belts families of both the District of Rajouri Poonch to get themselves trained in the Agriculture technology and shall pave a way for them to enter in the fray of technocrats. Their talent shall ultimately contribute towards the Agriculture Production Programme of the State as a whole.

It would be in fitness of things that the Government not only gives a serious thought to the proposition but also gets going on the action plan. That would be a great services to the people of border areas.

Lacking understanding on J&K
By : Daya Sagar

J&K affairs in general and happenings in Kashmir Valley have given rise to many Civic, Human Rights and Advisory Groups on political affairs. Many judges, civil servants and retired Chiefs of security/Para military/Intelligence agencies have written and have started writing on political affairs pertaining to J&K. Human Rights, Civil Liberties, and Welfare Organisations today have ''galaxy'' of India's erstwhile ''Cream'' of security and Administration experts.

We have today also a large force of journalists in the country. Many from resourceful families and those who had social contacts appear to have taken to journalism as a ''Joy'' ride and as a simple means of finding a place near the power centres. Press conferences sponsored tours and discussions across the ''sandwiches'' appear the source of information and guiding materials for many journalists of today. Had it been not so, the large media force India has, would have not allowed the Indian politicians and the governments at the centre to go directionless as is being alleged.

And to add to this the columnists of today are also in many cases making use of their status, social contacts and resources as prime means to find a place in the media columns than their concernedness and quality. Even the national level media is plagued with favouritism and blue eyed resourceful columnist simply find place more easily. Where as the state level, media editors are lesser prone to such favouritism since they have to go for quality to ensure that their newspapers are also lifted from the stalls.

Find No Risk :

Some mediamen today find it safest and prize earning when they criticise the Indian security Forces, the para-military Forces, CRPF and J&K Police for alleged wrong handling of the Kashmir militancy and alleging that the security forces are ruthlessly beating and killing people in Kashmir. They know that they have no risk in abusing the disciplined and controlled security men who have their hands tied to their back. These security men who wait for the militant to first fire at them are no danger to the mediamen and columnist of today: Where as even advising a militant as sister or brother may cause a thrash.  This way even many columnists lack national understanding and pendown only saleable materials.

Ms Tavleen Singh after her return (August 1995) from Srinagar had written ''We donot really know who we are dealing with any more.. The truth also is that the militancy is now almost in the hands of foreigners...Kashmir has been in the hands, since 1989, of the Governors who have failed to understand who the enemy is.. Jagmohan who took over in January' 1990, succeeded in his short rule of four months in antagonising every section of Kashmiri society because to him all Kashmiris were militants.. Unarmed protestors were routinely fired.. .It was during his tenure that process of Kashmiri alienation seriously began.. His successor, Girish Saxena, a former Raw Chief continued to pursue doctrine of Jagmohan.. In fact. he targeted militant groups like the JKLF and virtually decimated it's leadership... Delhi then did (Pakistan) a favour by sending Saxena's successor General (Retired) K V Krishna Rao.. Innocent people continue to be killed in crossfire, crackdowns happen routinely..... more after than not, in torture sessions that create more terrorists and the sad thing is that there does not even appear to be any method in the Governor's madness''.

Such columnists lack total concern. Are ignorant of Kashmir affairs and of the happenings over the last five decades. Lack conviction when they see bad in elimination of JKLF terrorists during the times of Mr G C Saxena, blame Jag Mohan for serious alienation of Kashmiris. By attributing the killing of innocent people to only security forces and the Governor of J&K they are making the job of insurgents and anti-India Elements easier.

They have no appreciation for the fact that it is in the times of same Governor K V Krishna Rao that Mr Umar Farooq was advocating and preaching right of self determination and refuting the accession so freely as was also quoted by Mr Dharam Shourie (5-10-95 New York) and has said,'' Indian Governments refusal to recognise the internationally mandated status of Kashmir as a dispute to which there are three parties- India, Pakistan and the people of Kashmir is most tragic aspect of present''. Mr Yasin Malik, Mr Shabir Ahmed Shah, Sayeed Ali Shah Geelani are safe in Kashmir even when they preach almost secession and almost at times declare political as well militant war against India.

Lacked Courage :

J&K State has been the worst sufferer of the trend that we have in today's Media at National level. Many National Level, Journalists and columnists write and preach on J&K affairs just sitting in their study room or after a casual visit to Kashmir Valley where they would have spent not more than one day and even what ever time they have been in the streets, they have been with one or two local Kashmiri families who had no courage to praise the Government or clearly condemn even those wrong doers who have exploited the helpless innocent poor women folk of rural Kashmir at gun points.

He was Disliked :

Many of them had gone to the extent of calling the then J&K Governor Sh K V Krishna Rao an arogant person, a person having no civil administrative understanding, a person lacking total political conviction and a person not ready to interact with the people who are offering their ''expert'' services for finding some solutions. Believe it or not, but the annoyance of these mediamen and ''Well Wishers'' is due to the reason that Mr K V Krishna wasted time in Press parties, he did not believe in inviting people to tea parties, he never invited the selfassumed leaders, advisors and super experts to rub shoulders with him to enable them draw personal favours. Surely he had qualities to be disliked. Hence no body wrote for him, ''Kaya shan hai iss Kaman ki.''.

They Simply Attract Foreigners :

Many today believe that nuisance value brings more prominence. They do not bother whether it damages national interests or is otherwise. Only thing, they want is that it should bring the writer to the limelight and any foreign group visiting India should identify them. And surely the foreigners are not interested in the Indian Nationalism, they are more interested in the negative information, true or false. There are many in India today who are making hue and cry in the name of social justice, secularism, human rights and atrocities alleged to have been committed by the security forces. But they dare not go amongst those for whom they are advocating.

One Ms Humara Quraishi was accommodated by Hindustan Times and Times of India on 18-5-1995 in their columns (Need for Voluntary Agencies in J&K). Ms Humara had written; During her visit to Kashmir Valley 2 years back, there was total absence of counselling Centres, Therapists and Voluntary Organisations and till date, there are no NGOs there.. She further remarked with the reference of some bureaucrats that even Jammu has never seen emergence of Voluntary agencies with the exception of one run by Mrs. Saroj Mahajan Ms Humara Quraishi's admittedly comments based on her ''drawing room'' meetings about two years back had no ground roots since as on 18-5-95 J&K had 230 NGOs of which 40 NGOs were working in Kashmir and the organisation She had named to be only existing is one of the low line local Organisation of Jammu province but surely the lady who is named as Chief of the organisation belongs to a highly influential and rich family of J&K to whom Ms Quraishi must have paid a social call. Mrs Saroj Mahajan is of course a dedicated social worker. Ms Humara could probably find place in the columns of Times of India and Hindustan Times surely out of her social contacts as otherwise no editor of the ''Level'' of Times of India would so casually accommodate such article without any life.

Such writers and columnist have been accommodated by the Delhi Media. What guidance they could provide? Rather they simply misguide.

No time :

The columnists of the type rarely find occasion and courage to truely see to the miseries of Innocent Kashmiri migrants who have left their hearths un-attended since 1989. Are not they (migrants) almost killed though living physically? Such Journalist lack total understanding of the facts and duties. They are simply acting as informers of some happening of certain places and that too in favour of those who can otherwise make their life uncomfortable.

Even before 1990 lot of resentment had been shown by the people of J&K and more particularly by those belonging to Jammu Region and Ladakh Region. No media person found it that much enterprising to visit these areas or write for them or highlight their grievances as they have been doing (though from their drawing rooms) for the disturbed Kashmir Valley of today. Even these days when we have lot of Kashmiri migrants and resenting issues being made vocal from other regions than Kashmir Valley, the national mediamen do not find it lucrative to waste their pen ink on this side of the tunnel. Rajouri & Doda are also in J&K!!! They must know.

The Otherwise Fact :

There are many like above. The understanding of Kashmir needs in particular and J&K in general is still more wanting with many national level columnists, Journalists and human right activists, than it is with the Government of India, is the otherwise fact.

Green rating to curb polluting industries
By : Radhakrishna Rao

A study by the World Bank points out that the health cost of environmental degradation in India works out to a staggering US dollar seven billion a year. Obviously, much of the pollution arising out of environmental degradation in India is caused by industrial activities and an exponential explosion in the number of motor vehicles.

Though vigourous efforts are being made by various agencies to control the level of pollution, there have been no sustained efforts to create awareness among the public about the need to curb pollution at the originating point.

In order to zero in on the specific sources of pollution and devise strategies to control pollution, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in collaboration with the ministry of environment and forests and the New Delhi based Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) is aiming to provide an environmental profile of the companies to investors, managers and regulatory agencies.

This unique green rating of Indian industries, perhaps the first of its kind in the country will also emphasise on providing solution to industrial and urban pollution and help in waste management and evolve environmental standards for wide ranging purposes.

As it is, this multi-disciplinary green rating project will help analyse performance of the industries incorporating good environmental principles. Further, it will try to influence the industries by a wide dissemination of the rating programme.

To begin with, the paper and pulp industries mainly in the states of Haryana and Uttar Pradesh will be taken up as case studies to help develop a creditable rating methodology that would ultimately be applied to a large number of other industrial sectors. As things stand now, this massive project of green rating Indian industries plans to exploit preliminary data from the industries themselves and also collect secondary data from a wide variety of extraneous sources.

One of the most important steps is to send a preliminary report to the industries involved in the study and incorporate their response in the final report after their feedback.

As envisaged now this green rating could also boost the commercial prospects of many industrial units forming part of the study. For instance, customers in the west are highly eco-conscious and the exporting firms in India are feeling the pinch as a lot of export products are being rejected in markets abroad since environment damaging technologies are used in their manufacturing.

''We had to send out to customers detailed account of the process we use for making leather goods. We also had to ensure that chemicals used by our suppliers in tanning leather are not environmentally damaging. It took some time, effort and money. But now we can say that our products are environment friendly'', says a spokesman of a leather exporting unit in south India.

Referring to the greening of industries, a study by the Washington-based think tank World Watch Institute says that a whole range of industries- from construction to chemicals, metals to manufacturing would be reshaped in the years ahead. One of the most salutary fallouts of this new industrial revolution will be measured in the trillions of dollars including investment in solar power, new transportation system and cleaner industrial processes.

And indeed in the Indian context, green technology implies a big business for corporate outfits. In a bid to position themselves for growth on the spreading environmental consciousness, companies are busy launching pollution control and environment protection products and processes ranging from individual respirators to water treatment systems and hazardous waste absorbent materials. For instance, Birla 3 M, the Indian subsidiary of the US company 3 M, markets a range of air filters and liquid filtration equipment.

Most of these pollution control equipment are the outcome of intensive research and development efforts in the US where industries have to adhere to strict environmental standards for in the US laws such as the Clean Air Act and the Clean Water Act restrict the type and quantities of materials that could be discharged into the environment.

In the United Kingdom, a major contribution is made by the trade associations such as the Chemical Industries Association, individual companies and the suppliers of pollution control system and equipment for enhancing the environmental standards of industrial production.

The repercussion of the recent trend favouring eco friendly products is more profound on the decentralised sector which accounts for 64 per cent of the total textile production in India. Textiles are a major foreign exchange earner for India besides being one of the biggest employment providers in the country.

The Indian industry is now using over 8,000 chemicals in textiles manufacturing. The Technical Institute of Textiles in Bhavani near Coimbatore in south India in conjunction with other organisations has brought out a list of chemicals used in the textile industry which should be phased out immediately to facilitate ''eco friendly'' production methodologies.

In Europe and North America, there is a growing demand for textiles made with natural dyestuffs. The natural dyes are traditionally produced mainly from plants. Products such as natural dye stuff are considered non-polluting, non-toxic, biodegradable and cost efficient. The National Handloom Development Corporation is now marketing a large number of natural dyes as part of the move to green the Indian textile industry.

Meanwhile, the Central Pollution Control Board is planning to develop ''eco label''- a system of awarding certification to eco friendly products. UNEP has developed a common standard for eco labelling.

India's Environmental Protection Act, that came into force in April 1991, incorporate Integrated Pollution Control (IPC) whose objective is to place the control of releases of pollutants into the different media-air, water and land- under a single integrated authority.

The IPC also makes for a mechanism to indentify industrial processes which use or produce potentially harmful materials. The IPC also lays stress on an integrated pollution control approach. For example, though flue gas desulphuration can result in considerable reduction in air pollution, it can lead to contamination of both the land and the water.

A document ''This Common Heritage'' brought out by the British government says: ''On balance, the overall impact on the environment of flue gas desulphuration is considered to be less damaging than the air pollution which would take place without it.''

The environmental awareness sweeping through the Indian corporate sector is showing up by way of industrial houses sponsoring gardens, plantations and miniforests in the urban pockets of the country with ecological messages. But as environmentalists say simply sponsoring ''green projects'' could not take one far.

Observes noted environmental activist Iqbal Malik: ''These corporate houses have to internalise certain environmental ethics and it should not necessarily mean yet another form of profit making.''

 



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