One killed, 7 injured in
Bangla strike violence

DHAKA, Nov 9: One person was shot dead and seven others sustained bullet injuries in sporadic incident of violence and bomb blasts during the opposition-led 48-hour nation-wide general strike today....more

Big Govt, big business
give way to big
non-profit

WASHINGTON, Nov 9: They can be more powerful than Governments. They distribute more aid than the World Bank or any country. Some have bigger budgets than large corporations. A few readily put themselves at higher risk than the world’s greatest armies.....more

German Court allows
Islamic instructions
in schools

BONN, Nov 9: For the fist time, an estimated 35,000 Muslim children in Berlin have been allowed to receive Islamic education in schools following a significant German Court ruling.....more

Nicotine-like compounds
boost memory: Study

LOS ANGELES, Nov 9: Nicotine-like compounds can improve memory and might one day be used in pills to treat disorders like Alzheimer’s disease, according to research on laboratory animals.

But while the finding supports smokers’ contention that cigarettes ........more

Six Indian tourists
killed in mishap

KATHAMANDU, Nov 9: At least six people have been killed and 43 injured, four of them "critically", when an Indian tourist bus, carrying mostly tea -estate workers from Darjeeling, met with an accident in Eastern Nepal......more

Leader of first Everest
conquest is no more

LONDON, Nov 9: John Hunt, leader of the British expedition which first climbed Mount Everest, has died at age 88.......more

Gorbachev favours
strong centre

MOSCOW, Nov 9: Russia should have a strong centre even as its countrymen should enjoy the fruits of a democratic set-up, according to former President Mikhail Gorbachev....more

Pak will ask US to ease
military embargo

ISLAMABAD, Nov 9: Buoyed by the lifting of economic sanctions Pakistan premier Nawaz Sharif will ask US President Bill Clinton to ease military embargo when the two leaders meet in Washington on December 2.......more

Bangladesh moves to
extradite coup leaders

DHAKA, Nov 9: Thailand’s prompt extradition of a former army officer to face execution raised hopes today of bringing home more fugitives from the United States and Canada who were sentenced to death for plotting the 1975 assassination ......more

One killed, 7 injured in Bangla strike violence

DHAKA, Nov 9: One person was shot dead and seven others sustained bullet injuries in sporadic incident of violence and bomb blasts during the opposition-led 48-hour nation-wide general strike today.

A passer-by Omar Farooq (15) succumbed to bullet wounds following clashes between opposition Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) supporters and the ruling Awami League while two others identified as Zahid and Salam were admitted to the hospital with bullet injuries, witnessess and hospital sources said.

They said the clashes took place when BNP activists shouted slogans against the Dhaka city Mayor Mohammad Hanif in front of his house, the Awami league supporters who were nearby protested and a clash ensued.

Three persons including a policeman were among those injured following stone-throwing and hurling of bombs during a clash between the police, BNP activists and Awami League supporters at Dholaikhal in old Dhaka, witnesses said.

Meanwhile, in Raisabazar area in old Dhaka two persons were injured in a bomb attack by picketers, witnesses said.

Nearly 5,000 police and paramilitary troops wee deployed throughout the city to ensure peace during the strike amid fears of sabotage after the court sentenced 15 former Army-officers to death yesterday for killing Bangladesh’s founding father Sheikh Mujibur Rehman and his family in a coup in 1975. (PTI)

Big Govt, big business give way to big non-profit

WASHINGTON, Nov 9: They can be more powerful than Governments. They distribute more aid than the World Bank or any country. Some have bigger budgets than large corporations. A few readily put themselves at higher risk than the world’s greatest armies.

In dealing with global crises, big business and big Government are often left in the dust by big nonprofit, which now spends more than one trillion billion a year. The movement, if viewed as a nation, would rank eighth in economic power, according to a study to be released yesterday.

Named for what they’re not business and not part of any Government thousands of nonprofit, Non-Government Organizations, or NGOs, are booming around the globe.

NGOs have played key roles in negotiating trade and environmental treaties and now sit in on Government and corporate decision-making.

They tread where Government and business cannot, dare not or will not go, into the world’s hottest trouble spots and biggest disasters Kosovo, Honduras, Bosnia, Somalia, Chechnya, Afghanistan and often suffering more casualties than the Government agents and soldiers they precede.

"Nonprofit aid organisations do the hardest work for the littlest pay under the greatest risks with the least support," said Sen. Sam brownback, a Kansas Republican, in a call for greater protections for private aid workers.

Casualties among aid workers rarely have the political impact of military deaths, said Jim Moody, head of interaction, a coalition of 150 nonprofit groups.

"We go where Governments are often loath to see official persons in harm’s way," Mr Moody said. "It’s sort of ironic that NGO workers are seen by Governments as more expendable."

NGOs often clash with Governments, even democratic Governments. In South Africa, US support for NGOs was criticised because Nelson Mandela’s Government wanted direct aid. Other Governments accuse nonprofits of stirring up trouble or spying.

China has welcomed some NGOs but still views religious groups and strong advocacy organisations such as greenpeace with suspicion. North Korea, Myanmar and Cuba are all tough places for NGOs to work, although they often are the only foreigners on the ground where diplomats are unwelcome.

"The end of the cold war has changed the climate for nonprofit organizations. The need for a nuclear deterrent, secrecy and close government control, Mr Moody said, is replaced by a need to

mobilise any significant resources we can, involve as many people as possible, be as open as possible.’’

It’s a climate in which NGOs thrive. With rapidly expanding communications media, including the Internet, nonprofit groups now have highly effective way of sharing their goals, multiplying, organising and mobilising across borders.

In addition to dispensing charity, NGOs take surveys, dig wells, fix bad teeth, stop epidemics, house refugees, protect natural resources, lend money, sue polluters and sometimes demonstrate against Governments. They range from huge operations like the nature conservancy, which buys and protects vast acreage, to one-issue groups like solar cookers international.

They often set the agenda in world conferences. The World Bank and International Monetary Fund is tailoring criticised agendas to recognise NGO contributions. British Prime Minister Tony Blair calls it the "Third way" in world affairs. German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder dubs it the new middle. To academics it’s an emerging civil society.

Salamon’s study of 22 countries, including the world’s richest, dispels any notion the movement is dominated by Americans. Western Europe emerges as a seedbed of nonprofit activity.

Ngos employ scientists, social workers, researchers and professional campaigners of all nationalities, often paying highly competitive salaries to attract the best in a variety of fields.

In the countries studied, 19 million people draw salaries from nonprofits, and the number is growing four times faster than overall employment.

The largest nonprofits in the United States operate on budgets approaching 500 million dollars.

More than seven per cent of the US workforce is with nonprofits, and the Johns Hopkins study estimates 28 per cent of people in the countries studied either do volunteer work or are employed by nonprofits.

They handle 30 per cent of all US foreign aid, and Vice President Al Gore predicts that will soon rise to 40 percent.

"The growth of NGOs is one of the most positive phenomena that has occurred in the world," said Brian Atwood, head of the US agency for international development.

Charles Lichenstein, alternate UN ambassador under President Ronald Reagan and now a fellow at the conservative heritage foundation, said, "I think the proliferation of NGOs is, on balance, a healthy sign of pluralism in human societies. I don’t want Governments to decide who can ride the horse and who can’t ride the horse." (AP)

Six Indian tourists killed in mishap

KATHAMANDU, Nov 9: At least six people have been killed and 43 injured, four of them "critically", when an Indian tourist bus, carrying mostly tea -estate workers from Darjeeling, met with an accident in Eastern Nepal.

According to delayed reports received here today, the illfated bus, bearing registration number WB-73/1818, was enroute to Itahari from Dharan when the mishap occurred as it was crosssing a bridge yesterday.

While three of the victims died on-the-spot, another three succumbed to injuries while undergoing treatment at the B P Koirala institute of health sciences at Dharan. Of the 43 injured, also being treated for their injuries at Bpkihs, the condition of four was stated to be "critical," the reports said.

Most of the bus passengers were reported to be tea-estate workers from Sipahidhura Darjeeling, so far four of the dead had been identified as C B Rai, 28, Jitendra Rai, 26, Roman Rai, 16, and bus driver Navaraj Chhetri. (UNI)

Leader of first Everest conquest is no more

LONDON, Nov 9: John Hunt, leader of the British expedition which first climbed Mount Everest, has died at age 88.

Hunt died at his home in Henley-On-Thames on Saturday night, said his daughter, Sally Nesbitt. The family’s announcement yesterday said only that Hunt died following a brief illness.

As leader of the expedition in 1953, Hunt decided it was his responsibility to remain at base camp while Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay climbed the last 400 feet to the summit.

Hunt was a colonel in the British Army when he was tapped to lead the everest expedition.

He retired in 1956 to become the first director of the Duke of Edinburgh Award scheme promoted by Prince Philip.

He was knighted in 1953 and elevated in 1966 to the House of Lords, where he took the title of Baron Hunt of Llanfairwaterdine. He was a personal adviser to Prime Minister Harold Wilson during the Nigerian civil war in the late 1960s and directed British relief missions to that country. (AP)

Gorbachev favours strong centre

MUSCOW, Nov 9: Russia should have a strong centre even as its countrymen should enjoy the fruits of a democratic set-up, according to former President Mikhail Gorbachev.

"I favour a powerful leader (in the Kremlin) who at the same time should not become a super-President. The clout of the President’s office must be counter-balanced by an effective Parliamentary System," he said in a face-to-face programme in the "Voice of Russia".

The last head of the erstwhile Soviet Union who has not for long aired his views before an international audience, was replying to some questions put by people of various countries on the telephone.

Mr Gorbachev, even while espousing the cause of a strong centre, cautioned against allowing the bureaucracy take an upper hand.

When hinted about the demand by some quarters from within his country and abroad for banning the Communist Party, he expressed disagreement. "In a real democratic society, such motives are impermissible. All parties must be allowed to function within the limits of democracy," noted Mr Govbachev, who, since demitting office as President, has been urging for induction of a social democratic system similar to that existing in Sweden and the Benelux nations.

The former President, nevertheless, rebuffed as "attempts by fanatics" the call from some hardline Communist leaders to install the earlier Soviet system of ruling in the country. "I know there are extremists existing in the country. But the country should not allow them to revive the old times," he observed.

The conversation programme coincided with the Bolshevik revolution anniversary celebrations on November seven and eight. (UNI)

German Court allows Islamic instructions in schools

BONN, Nov 9: For the fist time, an estimated 35,000 Muslim children in Berlin have been allowed to receive Islamic education in schools following a significant German Court ruling.

The Court ruled that the Islamic Federation, a group representing many of Berlin’s 220,000 muslims, should be allowed to give lessons on the Koran and Islamic tradition in schools in Berlin that ended a long-drawn battle between Islamic organisations and the authorities on the issue.

Berlin state authorities have refused permission for this purpose even though classes in the Roman Catholic and Protestant faiths were offered.

We delayed this much too long, and the result was the decision ended up in Court, The city’s Commissioner for Foreign Affairs Barbara John was quoted as saying. It is a fact that there is a growing phobia about Islam in Euroean countries linked to television images of Iraq, Algeria and Iran, Barbara said adding That fear is gravely misplaced.

The Court decision is being seen in Germany as a gradual reconciliation that Europe’s largest state is a multi-ethnic state with by far the largest population of foreigners — more than seven million — in the continent. (PTI)

Nicotine-like compounds boost memory: Study

LOS ANGELES, Nov 9: Nicotine-like compounds can improve memory and might one day be used in pills to treat disorders like Alzheimer’s disease, according to research on laboratory animals.

But while the finding supports smokers’ contention that cigarettes improve their mental alertness, scientists warned that no one should ever reach for a smoke.

The relationship between lung cancer and smoking is clear and it’s not the way you want to prevent the onset of Alzheimer’s disease,’’ said Esther Sabban, a biochemistry and molecular biology professor at New York Medical College in Valhalla, New York.

Nor do scientists advocate turning to other sources of nicotine before further studies substantiate early research on rats.

"Certainly, Nicotine itself may have a useful place," said Edward Levin, a neuroscientist at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. But, he added: "I wouldn’t want people to buy a pack of cigarettes or a patch or (nicotine) chewing gum."

Nevertheless, the scientists told reporters at the society for neuroscience annual meeting that they’re encouraged they can design medications to capitalize on the benefits of nicotine without cardiovascular and other side effects.

"These are exciting avenues for drug development, but we’re not there yet," Dr Levin said. Researchers are looking at nicotine because it’s known to stimulate receptors for acetylcholine, a nerve cell-signaling chemical important in learning and memory. Alzheimer’s patients have a shortage of receptors for acetylcholine, Dr Levin said.

But when they’re given a nicotine patch, their attention improves. That ability of nicotine to emulate acetylcholine and in essence "trick the brain" has led scientists to target nicotine-like drugs that stimulate the same receptors, said Darwin Berg, a researcher with the University of California, San Diego.

Patrick Lippiello, a neuroscientist with R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. In Winston-Salem, North Carolina, reported that the company has developed two compounds that stimulate the brain receptors nicotine works on.

In rats, the substances increased both short- and long-term memory and showed persistent benefits without toxic side effects, he said. They also kept brain cells from dying when exposed to chemicals that normally kill them.

His research suggests the compounds might be taken as once-daily pills to fend off the brain cell ravages of Alzheimer’s disease.

R.J. Reynolds is seeking pharmaceutical industry partners to develop the compounds for human use, he said. Dr Levin and his colleagues found another compound that stimulates nicotine receptors and can improve learning and memory in brain-damaged rats. Astra-arcus pharmaceuticals, which funded his research, has applied for a patent on the compound.

In research into nicotine’s other much-touted benefit its ability to calm nerves Ms. Sabban said she is beginning to understand how cigarettes can increase levels of stress hormones and at the same time relax smokers.

When she gave rats injections of nicotine equivalent to smoking a single cigarette, they produced more stress hormones.

But when she infused them with a steady dose of nicotine, she inhibited the response of the adrenal gland, which is responsible for the fight-or-flight outpouring of stress hormones.

The findings may explain why the nicotine patch can reduce the body’s response to stress and could guide development of new drugs that one day can alleviate the harmful effects of stress,’’ she said. (AP)

Pak will ask US to ease military embargo

ISLAMABAD, Nov 9: Buoyed by the lifting of economic sanctions Pakistan premier Nawaz Sharif will ask US President Bill Clinton to ease military embargo when the two leaders meet in Washington on December 2.

Pakistan will take up the issue of embargo on military purchases which are still subject to sanctions during the forthcoming meeting between Sharif and Clinton, Foreign Minister Sartaz Aziz told reporters here yesterday.

He expressed the hope that US will also lift sanctions on military purchases.

Aziz said the Sharif would also take up the issue of the stalled F-16 aircraft deal during his meeting with Clinton.

Pakistan had paid more than 600 million US dollar to the United States for purchase of 28 F-16 aircraft more than eight years ago but the deal could not take place due to pressler amendment which bans sale of sophisticated arms to Islamabad due to its nuclear programme.

The US sanctions, slapped under Glenn Amendments after the nuclear tests by India and Pakistan, covered almost the entire gamut of military as well as economic deals.

The US administration, however, announced last Friday to partially lift the sanctions for one year which would allow private US banks ending and to authorise the Overseas Private Investment Corporations, US Exim Bank and the trade and development agency to resume financial and commercial activities in Pakistan.

Though Washington had lifted economic sanctions as well as the ban on training of military personnel in the US, embargo on military purchases was still in place. (PTI)

Bangladesh moves to extradite coup leaders

DHAKA, Nov 9: Thailand’s prompt extradition of a former army officer to face execution raised hopes today of bringing home more fugitives from the United States and Canada who were sentenced to death for plotting the 1975 assassination of the country’s first Prime Minister, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.

Concluding a trial delayed 23 years by Bangladesh’s bloody politics, a judge convicted 15 former military commanders Sunday and ordered them to die by a firing squad in the killing of Sheikh Rahman, father of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina.

Eleven are still fugitives. The convicted men said they would appeal the sentence to a higher court.

Only three of the defendants - Syed Farooqur Rahman, Sultan Shahriyar Rashid Khan and Muhiuddin Ajmed - were present in the courtroom when Dhaka district Judge Kazi Golam Rasul handed down the verdict.

The three were soon joined in Dhaka Central Jail by Bazlul Huda, who was brought by a special flight from Bangkok, Thailand two hours after the verdict was pronounced, under an extradition treaty signed early this year.

"The extradition of Bazlul Huda has encouraged us to step up efforts to bring the others back home for justice," Shafiur Rahman, the top bureaucrat at the Home Ministry, said in a telephone interview today.

Two of the fugitives - Kishmat Hashem and Nazmul Ansar - are living in Canada as Canadian citizen. A.K.M. Mohiunddin Ahmed, another convicted man, is in the United States applying for U.S. citizenship. (AP)



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